Thought you might be interested in this:
Normally, the literary motif runs that a child is foretold that will
be greater than the king. To avoid this, the king either attempts to
kill the child, or, fearing divine retribution, exposes the child in
some fashion so it will die under natural causes (such as setting the
child out to sea (Perseus and Danae in Greek myth), exposing on a
mountain (Oedipus in Greek literature, Romulus and Remus in Latin
literature), etc.).
The Sargon birth story also regards a young child pulled from the
river and eventually made king. The cuneiform library of
Assurbanipal has furnished to scholars a legend of the birth of
Sargon of Agade (a Babylonian king who, according to Nabonidos, ruled
about 3800 B.C.) which is strikingly parallel to the story of the
secret birth of Moses and of his exposure on the Nile. The legend
runs:
"Sargon, the powerful king, King of Agade am I. My mother was of low
degree; my father I did not know. The brother of my father dwelt in
the mountain. My city was Azupirani, which is situated on the bank of
the Euphrates. My humble mother conceived me; in secret she bore me.
She placed me in a boat of reeds; with bitumen my door she closed.
She entrusted me to the river, which did not overwhelm me. The river
bore me along; to Akki the irrigator it carried me. Akki the
irrigator in goodness . . . brought me to land. Akki the irrigator as
his son brought me up. Akki the irrigator his gardener appointed me.
While I was gardener, Ishtar loved me . . . four years I ruled the
kingdom."
The parallelism between this narrative and the story of the exposure
of Moses is thought by many scholars to be too close to be accidental.
Source:<http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=830&letter=M>
> especially since the abandoned-baby-who-becomes-the-leader story is
also told of Romulus and Remus, Oedipus, Sargon of Agade, and I think
Gilgamesh (it's one of those Washington-and-the-cherry-tree sorts of
things that gets linked to influential people). But I think it would
be interesting to see just how much history is hiding in the stories.<
In regards to the variety of foreign exodus stories, and their
possible sources in Egyptian literature, history, and tradition, I
also suggest the following form and textual criticism works relating
to Old Testament literature, such as
Currid, J. and Kitchen, K. A. 1997. _Ancient Egypt and the Old
Testament_. Philadelphia: Baker Book House.
House, P. _Beyond Form Criticism: Essays in Old Testament Literary
Criticism._ 1992. Sources for Biblical and Theological Study. Old
Testament 2. New York: Eisenbrauns.
Rappoport, A. and Patai, R. 1966. _Myth and Legend of Ancient Israel_.
New York: Ktav Publishing.
HTH.
Regards --
Katherine Griffis-Greenberg, MA (Lon)
Oriental Institute
Oriental Studies Doctoral Program [Egyptology]
University of Oxford
Oxford, United Kingdom
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